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The en passant pawn capture rule is a special pawn move that beginning chess players are seldom aware of. Even more experienced players can easily overlook it. En passant is French for “in passing”.
In this video, GM Damian Lemos will explain what en passant it, and when it applies on the board. Maybe you can even surprise your opponent with en passant and gain a crushing advantage.
In the early days of chess (over 500 years ago), it was not possible for a pawn to move ahead two squares on the first move. The two-square first move rule was added to speed up the game, but it resulted in a disadvantage for the player whose pawn had made it to the 5th rank.
Without en passant, pawns on the 5th rank could be passed by enemy pawns advancing two squares, without risk of capture. The en passant capture was brought in to prevent this to mean pawns moving ahead two squares could be captured by 5th rank pawns, as though they had moved just one square.
In most places, the en passant rule was adopted at the same time as allowing the pawn to move two squares on its first move. Together, they represent two of the last major rule changes in chess as the game evolved.
What does that actually mean? Don’t worry – Damian has got you covered with his simple, easy-to-understand explanation! If you’re a chess beginner, you’re in good hands.
Just remember, like any chess move, you should only play en passant because you judge it to be the strongest move available to you. Sometimes beginner players proudly play en passant to show off that they know the rule, only to see their position collapse. Somehow, they feel that if they can play en passant, that they must. This is a mistake.
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